关系代词是用来引导定语从句的引导词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分。常见的关系代词有 who,whom,whose,which 和 that。这些代词可以用来引导限制性定语从句或非限制性定语从句。
以下表格列出关系代词在句中用法:
关系代词 | 指代对象 | 作用 |
---|---|---|
who | 人 | 主语或宾语 |
whom | 人 | 宾语 |
whose | 人或物 | 定语 |
which | 物 | 主语或宾语 |
that | 人或物 | 主语或宾语 |
- Who: 用于指人,作主语或宾语。
- The girl who came this morning is Tom’s sister. (今天早上来的那个女孩是汤姆的妹妹。)
- The woman who I talked to is a doctor. (我和那个女人说话了,她是一名医生。)
- Whom: 用于指人,作宾语。
- The man whom I met yesterday was very kind. (我昨天遇到的那个人非常友好。)
- Whose: 用于指人或物,作定语。
- The boy whose father is a doctor is very smart. (那个男孩的父亲是医生,他很聪明。)
- The book whose cover is red is mine. (封面是红色的那本书是我的。)
- Which: 用于指物,作主语或宾语。
- The car, which was parked outside, was stolen. (停在外面的那辆车被盗了。)
- I admired the patience with which she spoke. (她说话有极大的耐心,我很钦佩。)
- That: 用于指人或物,作主语或宾语。
- Is he the man that sells eggs? (他是卖鸡蛋的那个人吗?)
- The book that I read last week was very interesting. (我上周读的那本书非常有趣。)