词类

英语词类是指英语单词的语法类别,根据用法特征,可以分为十类。分别是名词,代词,动词,形容词,副词,数词,连词,介词,冠词,感叹词。不同的词类有不同的用法和功能。

英语词类又可以分为实词虚词两大类。实词能够单独充当句法成分或大多充当句子的主要成分,有词汇意义和语法意义。虚词不能在句子中独立担任任何成分,只能与其它词搭配使用,没有词汇意义,只有语法意义。 实词包括名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词,虚词包括连词、介词、冠词、感叹词。

英语词类表

词类英文名称例词用法
名词nounbook, dog, love 书,狗,爱作主语、宾语、定语、表语等
代词pronounhe, they, mine, who 他,他们,我的,谁代替名词或其它成分,避免重复
动词verbrun, eat, be, have 跑,吃,是,有表示动作、状态、存在、关系等
形容词adjectivebig, happy, good, red 大,快乐,好,红修饰名词或代词,表示性质或特征
副词adverbquickly, very, well, here 很快,非常,好,这里修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句,表示程度、方式、地点、时间等
数词numeralone, two, first, second 一,二,第一,第二表示数量或顺序
连词conjunctionand, but, because, if 和,但是,因为,如果连接词、短语或句子,表示逻辑关系
介词prepositionin, on, at, with 在…里面,在…上面,在,与…一起介绍名词或代词与其他成分的关系
冠词articlea, an, the 不定冠词,不定冠词,定冠词修饰名词,表示泛指或特指
感叹词interjectionoh, wow, ouch, hello 哦,哇,哎呀,你好表示情感或语气

book, dog, love 书,狗,爱

  • I love reading books about dogs.(我喜欢读关于狗的书。)
  • She bought a book for her dog’s birthday.(她为她的狗买了一本书作为生日礼物。)
  • He loves his dog more than anything.(他爱他的狗胜过一切。)
  • The dog chewed up the book and made a mess.(狗咬烂了书,弄得一团糟。)
  • They found a book that teaches how to love dogs.(他们找到了一本教如何爱狗的书。)

he, they, mine, who 他,他们,我的,谁

  • He is a friend of mine.(他是我的一个朋友。)
  • They are the ones who helped me.(他们是帮助我的人。)
  • This is mine, not yours.(这是我的,不是你的。)
  • Who is he talking to?(他在和谁说话?)

run, eat, be, have

  • He runs every morning to keep fit.(他每天早上跑步保持健康。)
  • She eats a lot of fruits and vegetables.(她吃了很多水果和蔬菜。)
  • They are happy with their lives.(他们对自己的生活很满意。)
  • I have a question for you.(我有一个问题要问你。)

big, happy, good, red

  • He has a big smile on his face.(他脸上露出了大大的笑容。)
  • She is happy to see you.(她很高兴见到你。)
  • You did a good job.(你做得很好。)
  • The apple is red and juicy.(苹果又红又多汁。)

quickly, very, well, here

  • He quickly ran to the bus stop.(他快速地跑到了公交车站。)
  • She is very smart and talented.(她非常聪明有才华。)
  • They speak English well.(他们说英语说得很好。)
  • Here is your coffee.(这是你的咖啡。

one, two, first, second

  • He has one brother and two sisters.(他有一个哥哥和两个姐妹。)
  • She came in first in the race.(她在比赛中获得了第一名。)
  • I’ll be there in a second.(我马上就到。)
  • This is the second time he has called me today.(这是他今天第二次给我打电话了。)

and, but, because, if

  • He likes apples and oranges.(他喜欢苹果和橙子。)
  • She wanted to go out, but it was raining.(她想出去,但是下雨了。)
  • He studied hard because he wanted to pass the exam.(他努力学习,因为他想通过考试。)
  • If you need any help, just let me know.(如果你需要任何帮助,只要告诉我。)

in, on, at, with

  • He lives in Canada.(他住在加拿大。)
  • She put the book on the table.(她把书放在桌子上。)
  • He works at a bank.(他在银行工作。)
  • She went to the movies with her friends.(她和她的朋友去看电影了。)

a, an, the

  • He has a dog.(他有一只狗。)
  • She is an artist.(她是一个艺术家。)
  • The sky is blue.(天空是蓝色的。)

oh, wow, ouch, hello

  • Oh, I didn’t know that.(哦,我不知道那个。)
  • Wow, that’s amazing.(哇,那太棒了。)
  • Ouch, that hurts.(哎哟,好疼。)
  • Hello, nice to meet you.(你好,很高兴认识你。)

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