表语从句

当系动词(如be、remain、become、look、seem等)后面的从句充当主句的表语时,我们称之为表语从句。这些从句可以由that、what、when、how、where、who、why、which、whether、as ifas though等引导。

  • that:在名词性从句中,that 只负责引出从句,不在从句里充当成分。例如:
    • The fact is that he left.(事实是他离开了。)
    • The problem is that I have lost his address.(麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。)
    • The reason for his absence is that his daughter suddenly fell ill. 他缺席的原因时他的女儿突然病了。
    • My advice is that you (should) think it over before you make a decision. 我的建议就是你作出决定之前要三思。
  • what:一般不用于定语从句,而在名词性从句中既引导从句,又在从句里充当成分。例如:
    • “This is what would have made the whole thing work.”(这就是会使整个事情成功的东西。)
    • “The book is not what I need.” 这本书不是我需要的。
    • That’s what we are here for. 我们来这里就是为了这。
  • which:在名词性从句中含有“哪一个”的意思,通常有一定的选择范围。例如:
    • The problem is which one suit this condition. 问题是哪一种适合这种情况。
    • The question is which he will choose. 问题是他会选择哪一个。
  • who:在从句里充当成分,指人,不指物。例如:
    • The problem is who could do the work. 问题是谁可以做这项工作。
    • My trouble is who (whom) I can turn to. 我的麻烦是我可以向谁(谁)求助。
  • how:表示“如何”,可以用来表示程度。例如:
    • “This is how, in 1660, the renowned French grammarians of the Port-Royal abbey near Versailles distilled the essence of language.”(这就是1660年法国著名文法学家在凡尔赛附近的Port-Royal修道院提炼语言精髓的方式。)
    • The question is howwe can persuade him to go with me. 问题是我们如何才能说服他和我一起去。
  • Why:表示“原因”,可以用来表示原因。例如:
    • “That is why she failed to pass the exam.” 这就是她为什么没有通过考试的原因。
    • “That is why she objects to the plan.” 这就是她反对这个计划的原因。
  • Where: 表示“在那里”,可以用来表示地点。例如:
    • “This is where I first met her.” 这就是我第一次遇见她的地方。
    • This was where we hold the dance party last time. 这就是上次我们举办舞会的地方。
  • When: 表示“什么时候”,可以用来表示时间。例如:
    • “The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.” 这个问题是他什么时候能到达酒店。
    • Many students say that their time at university is when they can experience pure love. 许多学生表示,大学时期是他们能够体验纯粹爱情的时期。
  • whether:表示“是否”,不管是主语从句、表语从句还是宾语从句里都可以使用。例如:
    • “The argument is whether it rains tomorrow.”(争论的焦点是明天是否会下雨。)
    • The question is whether we should go or stay.(问题是我们应该走还是留。)
  • because: 表示“因为”,可以用来表示原因。例如:
    • This is because the earth is travelling around the sun. 这是因为地球在围绕太阳运转。
    • That is because she likes me. 那是因为她喜欢我。
  • as ifas though:表示“原因”,可以用来表示原因。例如:
    • It looks as if it”s going to rain.看样子天要下雨了。
    • It seems as if I”m the first one here.看起来我是第一个到这里的。
    • He looks as though he had been hit by lightning. 他那样子就像被雷击了似的。

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