英语主动语态是指主语是动作的执行者,而被动语态是指主语是动作的接受者。例如:
- He wrote a letter.(他写了一封信。)主动语态
- A letter was written by him.(一封信被他写了。)被动语态
一般来说,只有及物动词(能带宾语的动词)才有被动语态,而不及物动词(不能带宾语的动词)没有被动语态。例如:
- He runs fast.(他跑得快。)run是不及物动词,没有被动语态
- He broke the window.(他打破了窗户。)break是及物动词,有被动语态
- The window was broken by him.(窗户被他打破了。)被动语态